Ukuhlaziywa Kwezimiso Zokuvala Nokusetshenziswa Komnyango Newindi Lokuvala

Njengento ebalulekile esebenzayo embonini yezokwakha, umsebenzi oyinhloko wezinsimbi zezicabha namafasitela uwukufinyelela ukuvala, ukuvimbela amanzi, kanye nokungangeni komoya emalungeni ngokusabela ngokomzimba namakhemikhali. Isimiso sabo sokusebenza sisekelwe ngokuyinhloko kumphumela we-synergistic wezakhiwo ezibonakalayo kanye nomklamo wesakhiwo.

 

Ngokomzimba, ama-sealants awuketshezi noma anamathiselwa-njengangaphambi kokuphulukiswa, avala ngokugcwele izikhala ezincane (imvamisa engu-3-}20mm) phakathi kwezicabha namafreyimu amafasitela kanye nodonga nengilazi, okwakha umzimba onwebekayo oqhubekayo. Ngemva kokwelapha, okokusebenza kwakheka-isakhiwo esixhumene esiphambanayo, esinikeza ukuqina okuhlala isikhathi eside nokuvumelana nokugudluzwa kwamalungu okubangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa (±30℃), ukushintshashintsha komswakamo, kanye nomfutho womoya (amandla okususwa adlula u-25%). Lokhu kuguqulwa okunwebekayo kuqinisekisa ukuthintana okungaguquki phakathi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo sokuvala futhi kuvimbe izindlela zokungena komoya namanzi awuketshezi.

Indlela yokuvala amakhemikhali incike ekwakhiweni kokwakheka kwezinto. Ama-silicone sealant athola ukumelana nesimo sezulu ngamandla ebhondi ephezulu yamabhondi e-Si-O (cishe u-452 kJ/mol). Amandla azo aphansi (cishe ama-20-24 mN/m) axosha ama-molecule wamanzi futhi amelana nokuguga kwe-UV. Ama-polyurethane sealants, ngakolunye uhlangothi, asabela ngokuswakama emoyeni ukuze akhe amabhondi e-urea ngamaqembu e-isocyanate, adala isakhiwo senethiwekhi esiqinile-esinikeza{9}}ibhondi yamandla ephezulu kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuguquguquka okumaphakathi. Eminye imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu iphinde ifake izigcwalisi ze-hydrophobic (njenge-silica) noma ama-antimicrobial agents ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina.

Izivalo zesimanje zewindi nezicabha kumele nazo zihlangabezane nezidingo zemvelo, ngamafomula aphansi-e-VOC (volatile organic compound) abe yiwona ajwayelekile. Ukukhetha isivalo esifanele kudinga ukucatshangelwa okuphelele kohlobo lwe-substrate (isb., ingxubevange ye-aluminium, i-PVC), indawo yokusebenza (izindawo ezinomswakama/ ezomile), nezimo zokulayisha umakhenikha. Ukusebenza kahle kokuvala kufinyelelwa ngenqubo yohlelo lokusebenza (isb,{7}}umjovo wesibhamu sengxenye eyodwa noma{8}}ukuxuba izingxenye ezimbili).